The History of Java Island, Indonesia (Sangiran_1)

Have you ever wondered whether it is possible to create an island if the nature itself is damaged? Is it possible for human beings to create an island such as Java Island, Indonesia? As far as I know, it is only nature that can create islands and it certainly undergoes process that takes a very long time. One of the examples is the Java Island that was created naturally almost 20 million years ago.

As far as I know, the process of Java Island’s creation is due to the tectonic plate theory, the volcano eruption, etc. The plates tectonic theory explains that the continents in the earth are like frozen rafts of a stream flow that are dragged along with the bottom of the ocean. When the plate displacement is done, the creation of the islands takes place. The islands are created due to the drowning of the highland in the shore (continental islands) and the existence instable zones in the earth’s crust (the island bow). It is called continental islands since Java Island, Sumatra Island, and Kalimantan Island used to be connected. Meanwhile, it is named the islands bow as there were trough and the number of volcanoes that showed the volcanic activity.

It can be said that the Java Island is almost 20 million years because invertebrate and vertebrate fossils were found in the Sangiran Site, Central Java, Indonesia. However, at the moment we are going to see from its soil layer first.

In this site, there are 5 soil formations with their layers that can be noticed directly which are one of the miracles in Sangiran. The soil formations are:

The Kalibeng Formation (Puren) is 5 million-1.8 million years with its layers:

1. The Marls layer
2. The grey (blue) clay layer from the deep marine sediment
3. The foraminifera layer from the shallow marine sediment
4. The limestone balanus layer
5. The under volcanic mudflow layer from brackish water sediment

The Pucangan (Sangiran) Formation is 1.8 million-1million year with its layers:

1. The black (yellow) clay layer from the freshwater sediment
2. The concretions/ breccia rocks layer
3. The volcanic clay (tuff), there are 14 tuffs
4. The nodules rocks layer
5. The greenish diatome rocks layer

The Kabuh (Bapang) Formation is 1 million-250 thousand years with its layers:

1. The conglomerate layer
2. The grenzbank rocks layer as divider
3. The volcanic plates layer (tuff), there are 3 tuffs
4. The silang siur sandstone layer
5. The gravel sand layer

The Notopuro (Phojajar) Formation is 250 thousand-15 thousand years with its layer:

1. The above volcanic mudflow layer
2. The terrace layer
3. The pumice rock layer

The Terrace Solo (Kali Pasir) Formation is 15 thousand-1.5 thousand years. It only has the sediment of the gravel river.

By the way, this layer information is only additional info and notes because I am afraid it will be scattered and lost. It is too bad I am not a soil expert. If this scarce information is lost, it is gonna be difficult to recollect it. These soil layers are also used to determine the age of the earth.

For your information, there is a mud-hole that actively spouts salted water foam out in the middle of the farm in Sangiran. From the previous information, the soil layers, and the mud-hole, I can conclude that Java Island used to be a sea and because of the plates displacement, it became Java (Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Java used to be united). Also, I believe that the island was formed due to the instable earth’s crust, erosion, and the increase of the sea water level. Well, since I am not the expert, any suggestion, input, and recommendation are welcomed as I make the conclusion based on the data I collected.

Last but not least, one of the world’s secrets (though it is not revealed completely yet) does exist in Sangiran, Central Java, Indonesia.

Enjoy, peace, and love from Sukra. (083 190408)

Photo Reference: http://www.klett-verlag.de/sixcms_upload/media/100/tektonik_welt_500.jpg